'Deep fakes': How to know what's true in the fake-Obama video era

mirimir · Jul 21, 2019

The fake CEO voice exploit sounds impressive. But then, some humans -- voice actors -- can do that.

So you'd think that CFOs would more than a familiar CEO voice to authorize large transactions. A password, for example.

Minimalist · Aug 5, 2019

Include Deepfakes in Incident Response Plans

Enterprises aren’t yet thinking about the impact deepfake videos could have on their business, said Brian Wrozek, director of information security at Optiv. Recent advances in artificial intelligence and technology have made it possible to create images and videos that look extremely realistic and difficult to identify as being machine-generated.

“Video tends to have more impact than text,” said Wrozek.
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https://duo.com/decipher/include-deepfakes-in-incident-response-plans

guest · Aug 5, 2019

Deepfakes are a problem, what’s the solution?
August 5, 2019
https://www.alienvault.com/blogs/security-essentials/deepfakes-are-a-problem-whats-the-solution

The problems
There are a few problems raised by deepfakes, but none of them are new.
The most obvious is that deepfake technology allows the creation of convincing videos that can be used for political manipulation.
The solutions
There have generally been two approaches suggested to solving the problems created by deepfakes: use tech to detect fake videos, or improve media literacy.

A deepfake might be more convincing, but if you believe in the message that is being presented anyway, you are not looking for signs that the video is a fake.
Because of this, another solution to deepfakes needs to be found. It involves, as others have pointed out, increasing media literacy among vast swathes of the population, so that they are able to spot ‘fake news’ when they see it. But how this is to be achieved is anyone’s guess.
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Minimalist · Aug 9, 2019

Who will save us from deepfakes? Other AIs? Humans? What about vastly hyperintelligent pandimensional beings?

Deepfakes, the AI-generated talking heads that can say whatever their creator wants them to, are getting harder to detect. But boffins have enlisted an unlikely ally in the quest for truth – mice.
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https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/08/09/deepfakes_mice/

Minimalist · Aug 23, 2019

Why Deepfake Audio Technology Is a Real Threat to Enterprise Security

Just when you thought you had enough to keep you up at night, there’s another threat to add to the list of enterprise security nightmares lurking under the bed. The deepfake, once a threat only to celebrities, has now transcended into the realm of potential risks to the organization.
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https://securityintelligence.com/ar...logy-is-a-real-threat-to-enterprise-security/

guest · Aug 26, 2019

The Growing Threat of Deepfake Videos
August 26, 2019
https://www.securityweek.com/growing-threat-deepfake-videos

Deepfake videos are videos that use artificial intelligence to map an almost flawless video image of one person (the target, say, a company CFO) to another (the fake, say, an actor). The video image of the target can be constructed from still photos, and is then mapped to the moving image of the fake.

"The consequences of a fake merger announcement, an ethical transgression, a racist expression, etc. can virally explode before the falsehood is identified. One incident can harm a company's valuation, brand, and goodwill in a heartbeat or sabotage a political candidate's good name."
But deepfakes are a new attack technique -- and like everything else in cybersecurity, it has created a new game of leapfrog.
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mirimir · Aug 26, 2019

Yeah, this US election cycle will be insane.

Minimalist · Aug 27, 2019

Security Pro Warns of Dangers to Society as 'Deepfake' Porn Becomes as Easy as an Instafilter

Along with some perks, including creating girls with Elon Musk’s face or watching Bruce Lee as Neo in “The Matrix”, the AI-based technique allowing users to superimpose images onto other faces via machine learning has raised alarms, as it has become clear that your face can easily be swapped for that of a porn actor.
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https://sputniknews.com/science/201908261076646310-security-pro-deepfake-porn-easy/

Krusty · Aug 29, 2019

The insidious rise of deepfake porn videos — and one woman who won't be silenced

If you've ever seen a deepfake video, you'll know they can be unsettling.

Whether it's AI-altered Mark Zuckerberg warning of the dangers of Facebook, Barack Obama calling Donald Trump a "dipshit", or a seemingly innocuous one of Bill Hader morphing into Tom Cruise — we can no longer trust what we see.

Most of the discussion around deepfakes centres on their political implications in the era of fake news, and on our perception of truth — but the majority of victims aren't politicians.

Deepfakes are mostly weaponised against women and girls; a dangerous new frontier in so-called "revenge porn".

As many as 97 per cent of deepfakes online are pornography.

The first to go viral featured famous women like Scarlett Johannsson and Gal Gadot, but any one of us could be a victim.

Noelle Martin was an 18-year-old law student when, late one night, she did a reverse Google image search out of curiosity, uploading a photo of herself to see where else it was on the internet.

She thought she might find it on friends' social media pages.

Instead, hundreds of explicit images of her face photoshopped onto the bodies of porn actresses engaged in sexual acts flooded her screen.
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https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-08...le-martin-story-of-image-based-abuse/11437774

[...]
Cybersafety educators have been warning people for years not to make themselves vulnerable to revenge porn by sharing intimate images.

But here's the kick: not sharing intimate images will no longer protect you from revenge porn.
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guest · Sep 2, 2019

Chinese face-swap app triggers privacy fears after going viral
September 2, 2019
https://www.theguardian.com/technol...ace-swap-app-zao-triggers-privacy-fears-viral

A new Chinese app that lets users swap their faces with celebrities, sports stars or anyone else in a video clip racked up millions of downloads at the weekend but was swiftly criticised over privacy issues.

Zao was uploaded to China’s iOS App Store on Friday and immediately went viral. According to a post from the app’s makers on China’s Weibo social media site, Zao’s servers nearly crashed because of the deluge of traffic.
According to App Annie, a firm that tracks app downloads all over the world, Zao was the most downloaded free app in China’s iOS App Store as of 1 September.

In case you haven't heard, #ZAO is a Chinese app which completely blew up since Friday. Best application of 'Deepfake'-style AI facial replacement I've ever seen.
Here's an example of me as DiCaprio (generated in under 8 secs from that one photo in the thumbnail) pic.twitter.com/1RpnJJ3wgT
September 1, 2019
One section of the user agreement says consumers who upload their images agree to surrender the intellectual property rights to their face, and permit Zao to use their images for marketing purposes.
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guest · Sep 2, 2019

Convincing Iron Man Deepfake Video Replaces Robert Downey Jr. With Tom Cruise
August 30, 2019
https://www.ubergizmo.com/2019/08/iron-man-deepfake-video-tom-cruise/

While many of us would be hard-pressed to imagine anyone else playing the role of Tony Stark aka Iron Man in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, did you know that at one point in time, it was reported that Tom Cruise had actually wanted to play that character?
[...] in a very convincing and slightly disturbing video, deepfake AI has been used to replace Downey Jr.’s face with Cruise’s face in some scenes from the various Marvel movies that Iron Man appears in.

Now, in some scenes, the deepfake doesn’t work so good and you can see the AI trying to catchup, but in other scenes, it looks spot on. While this video is nothing short of amazing, it also serves to remind us how the rise of deepfake videos could lead to people being manipulated without them knowing it.
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Victek · Sep 2, 2019

mood said: ↑

Convincing Iron Man Deepfake Video Replaces Robert Downey Jr. With Tom Cruise
August 30, 2019
https://www.ubergizmo.com/2019/08/iron-man-deepfake-video-tom-cruise/
Click to expand...

Wow, this is really good. If I didn't already know that Robert Downey Jr played the role I would be convinced; I would assume the subtle glitches in the video were just anomalies.

guest · Sep 3, 2019

mood said: ↑

Chinese face-swap app triggers privacy fears after going viral
September 2, 2019
https://www.theguardian.com/technol...ace-swap-app-zao-triggers-privacy-fears-viral
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WeChat restricts controversial video face-swapping app Zao, citing “security risks”
September 3, 2019
https://techcrunch.com/2019/09/02/w...-face-swapping-app-zao-citing-security-risks/

Users can still upload videos they created with Zao to WeChat, but if they try to download the app or send an invite link to another WeChat user, a message is displayed that says “this web page has been reported multiple times and contains security risks. To maintain a safe online environment, access to this page has been blocked.”

Developed by a unit of Momo, one of China’s most popular dating apps, Zao creates videos that replace the faces of celebrities in scenes from popular movies, shows and music videos with a selfie uploaded by the user.
But concerns about the potential misuse of deepfake technology coupled with a clause (now deleted) in Zao’s terms of use that gave it full ownership and copyright to content uploaded or created on it, in addition to “completely free, irrevocable, perpetual, transferrable, and re-licensable rights,” caused controversy.
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guest · Sep 5, 2019

Facebook, Microsoft, and academics launch deepfake detection competition
September 5, 2019
https://venturebeat.com/2019/09/05/...demics-launch-deepfake-detection-competition/

Facebook together with the Partnership on AI, Microsoft, and academics are making a deepfake dataset, benchmark, and public challenge with up to $10 million in grants and awards to spur innovation and make it easier to spot fake content.
The challenge will also have a leaderboard to identify top deepfake detection systems. The deepfake dataset will be released during the NeurIPS conference which takes in December in Vancouver, Canada.

“This is a constantly evolving problem, much like spam or other adversarial challenges, and our hope is that by helping the industry and AI community come together we can make faster progress,” Facebook CTO Mike Schroepfer said in a blog post to announce the competition today.

Facebook is giving $10 million to the challenge and no user data will be included, Schroepfer said. Challenge goverance will be overseen by a newly created Partnership on AI’s Steering Committee on AI and Media Integrity.
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Minimalist · Sep 11, 2019

In the Deepfake Era, Counterterrorism Is Harder

After failing to detect the 9/11 plot, spy agencies reinvented themselves for an age of terrorism, but a new generation of technological threats requires a new round of reforms.
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https://www.nextgov.com/ideas/2019/09/deepfake-era-counterterrorism-harder/159802/

guest · Sep 19, 2019

See creepy deepfake Vladimir Putin interviewed live at MIT conference
September 18, 2019
https://www.cnet.com/news/see-creepy-deepfake-vladimir-putin-interviewed-live-at-mit-conference/

MIT showed off deepfake technology Wednesday that can be used in real time. During its EmTech conference, MIT Technology Review Editor-in-Chief Gideon Lichfield conducted an interview with deepfake "Vladimir Putin" on stage.
It's not the most convincing deepfake, but it shows how the technology is developing rapidly.
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guest · Sep 22, 2019

You’ve been warned: Full body deepfakes are the next step in AI-based human mimicry
September 21, 2019
https://www.fastcompany.com/9040714...s-are-the-next-step-in-ai-based-human-mimicry

But yet another branch of synthetic media technology is fast evolving: full body deepfakes.
While primitive, it showed that machine learning researchers are tackling the more difficult task of creating full body deepfakes. Also in 2018, a team of researchers led by Dr. Björn Ommer of Heidelberg University in Germany published a paper on teaching machines to realistically render human movements.

While it’s clear that full body deepfakes have interesting commercial applications, like deepfake dancing apps or in fields like athletics and biomedical research, malicious use cases are an increasing concern amid today’s polarized political climate riven by disinformation and fake news.
It’s only a question of how soon full body deepfakes will become indistinguishable from the real.
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guest · Sep 23, 2019

A deepfake pioneer says 'perfectly real' manipulated videos are just 6 months away
September 22, 2019
https://www.businessinsider.de/perf...os-6-months-away-deepfake-pioneer-says-2019-9

A deepfake pioneer said in an interview with CNBC on Friday that "perfectly real" digitally manipulated videos are just six to 12 months away from being accessible to everyday people.

"It's still very easy you can tell from the naked eye most of the deepfakes," Hao Li, an associate professor of computer science at the University of Southern California, said on CNBC's Power Lunch. "But there also are examples that are really, really convincing."
He continued: "Soon, it's going to get to the point where there is no way that we can actually detect [deepfakes] anymore, so we have to look at other types of solutions."
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guest · Sep 24, 2019

Google releases data set to help defeat deepfake videos
September 24, 2019
https://venturebeat.com/2019/09/24/google-releases-data-set-to-help-defeat-deepfake-videos/

Google today announced the release of a large corpus of visual deepfakes produced in collaboration with Jigsaw, the tech giant’s internal technology incubator.

“Since [the] first appearance [of deepfakes] in late 2017, many open-source deepfake generation methods have emerged, leading to a growing number of synthesized media clips,” Google Research scientist Nick Dufour and Jigsaw technical research manager Andrew Gully wrote in a blog post.
“While many are likely intended to be humorous, others could be harmful to individuals and society.”
According to Google, compiling the data set required working with paid and consenting actors to record “hundreds” of videos. The company and its partners, including the team behind FaceForensics, then produced “thousands” of deepfakes from the videos, resulting in the collection of real and fake samples.
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Google: Contributing Data to Deepfake Detection Research

guest · Sep 27, 2019

Bill to Combat Deepfakes Passes House Committee
September 26, 2019
https://www.nextgov.com/emerging-tech/2019/09/bill-combat-deepfakes-passes-house-committee/160189/

Legislation aimed at dedicating new research and technology to thwart increasingly prevalent manipulated media—now commonly known as deepfakes—passed the House Science, Space and Technology Committee with bipartisan support Wednesday.

Introduced last week by Reps. Anthony Gonzalez, R-Ohio, Jim Baird, R-Ind., Haley Stevens, D-Mich. and Katie Hill, D-Calif., the Identifying Outputs of Generative Adversarial Networks, or IOGAN Act, directs the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Standards and Technology to study and accelerate the creation of technology that can detect the disruptive content.

“[...] you will remember the famous scene where Forrest Gump was filmed shaking hands with historic presidents [...] only big Hollywood studios could afford to reproduce deepfakes with such images,” Gonzalez said at the bill’s markup. “Fast forward a few decades, and we now live in a world where advancements in technology and computing power has increased exponentially.”
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On Wednesday, Ferraro published a nationwide survey on deepfake legislation just as the IOGAN Act was moving through the committee. It wasn’t included in his initial report, a sign of how fast deepfake legislation is moving. Ferraro noted that three states—California, Virginia and Texas—have already received bipartisan support around bills that ban all or certain kinds of deepfakes.
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Minimalist · Sep 30, 2019

Pennsylvania Might Be Second State to Criminalize Cyber-Flashing

Pennsylvania could follow Texas to become the second US state to make cyber-flashing illegal.
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https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/pennsylvania-might-criminalize/

guest · Oct 2, 2019

Facebook, Reddit, and others need a deepfakes plan now, senators say
Utterly fabricated video could become a whole new area of misinformation. Soon
October 2, 2019
https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy...thers-need-a-deepfakes-plan-now-senators-say/

With only 13 months left to go in the seemingly interminable 2020 US election season, senators are calling on Facebook, Snapchat, Reddit, and other social networks to do something sooner, rather than later, about the potential proliferation of misleading "deepfake" videos

"Over two-thirds of Americans now get their news from social media sites," Sens. Mark Warner (D-Va.) and Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) jointly write in a series of letters to several technology platforms. "Increased reliance on social media will require your company to assume a heightened set of obligations to safeguard the public interest and the public's trust."
The potential for not only doctored but completely fabricated video to be able to pass for the real thing, however, is a newer trend.

The senators also want to know what recourse victims of fake videos have with the platforms and if the companies even have available to them the technical ability to detect deepfake video.
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mirimir · Oct 3, 2019

I think that we basically just need to ignore videos. Just like we've learned to ignore words and images.

At least we can still count on memories.

But wait, not so much, really ...

guest · Oct 3, 2019

Axon boosts encryption, weighs blockchain to tackle body-cam 'deepfakes'
October 3, 2019
https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-a...in-to-tackle-body-cam-deepfakes-idUKKBN1WI0YG

Axon Enterprise Inc, the leading maker of U.S. police body cameras, began shipping new devices last week with security upgrades it says could aid in thwarting and discrediting “deepfake” videos.

Growing access to software for creating deepfakes, or synthetic videos that people struggle to distinguish as made up, has prompted lawmakers to demand high-tech solutions to separate fact from fiction, especially in high-stakes situations in politics and criminal justice.

“Axon recognizes the threat posed by ‘deepfakes’ to cause general mistrust in the integrity of any video, including body-worn camera videos,” the company said in a recent statement to Reuters in response to questions about its technology.
The company declined to elaborate on the measures, saying it needed to protect its intellectual property.
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guest · Oct 7, 2019

California cracks down on political and pornographic deepfakes
Residents can now sue anyone who puts their image in porn without consent
October 7, 2019
https://www.engadget.com/2019/10/07/california-deepfake-pornography-politics/

Deepfake videos can be fun, but not when it comes to politcs and pornography. Now, the state of California is doing something about it with two new bills signed into law last week by Governor Gavin Newsom. The first makes it illegal to post any manipulated videos that could, for instance, replace a candidate's face or speech in order to discredit them, within 60 days of an election.
The other will allow residents of the state to sue anyone who puts their image into a pornographic video using deepfake technology.
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Press Release: California bans 'deep fakes' video, audio close to elections - Associated Press

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'Deep fakes': How to know what's true in the fake-Obama video era

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